Iprovement in sewingtmach



f Iv2-sheets Sheen1..

W. H. yJOILINSCHW y SEWING MACHINE.

No. 10,597. YPaented Mar. 7, 1854.

rWj-l. JOHNSON,

SEWING MACHINE.

N0.10,597. "Patented M@,1-.7,1854.

UNITED ySTATES PATENT OFFICE.

. yWILLIAM JOHNSON, on GRANVILLE, MASSACHUSETTS;

IMPROVEMENT la sEwINen/IACHINES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 10,597, dated March 7, 1854.

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM H. JOHNSON, of Granville, in the county/of Hampden and State of Massachusetts, have 4invented a new and useful Improvement in Sewing-Machines; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description ofthe same,v reference being had to the annexed drawings, forming part of this specification, in which-Y Figure lis a plan of the machine. Fig. 2 is a side elevation and sectionon linew y of Fig. 1. Fig. 8 is a rear elevation of the machine. Fig. 4 is a front elevation of the :machine. Fig. 5 shows-the first step in the formation of the Stitch. Fig. 6 shows the first loop left upon the hook when the needle has withdrawn. Fig. 7 shows the'needle after the second perforation. Fig. 8 shows the position'y of the hook after shooting into the second loop. Fig. .9 shows the position of the parts' after the third perforation of the needle. Fig. l0 shows the-position ofthe loops after the hook has left the thread. Fig. 1l shows theL formation of the stitch on a large scale.

My invention consists in the making of what I denominate the `beplaying" double -loop stitch77 with a single thread by the employment of one needle used in connection with a double-spring hook over which the loops are formed, the needle working vertically, and having a vibratory side motion, so that each time it passes through the cloth orl other map terial to be sewed the material is moved forward a sufficient distance for the succeedingy perforation, thus constituting a machine which forms the seam by means of a single ythread and feeds by its own operation.A A In the drawings, A represents the needlebar moving vertically in the guide B by reason of the alternate elevation and depression of the arms of the beam C caused bythe connection of the arm D Vwith the eccentric E through the connecting-rod F, the beam being connected with the slides H H by the socketjoints a, and the needle-bar A attached to the slide H by the screw b, fastened to 'the bar, and having its head c working loosely in the slide H., The guide B is attached to the upright G at d, about which point it has a vibratory side motion because of its connection with the slottedl lever I, the long arm of which is connected by the joint e with the horizontal slide J, which hask an alternate lateral `motion because of the arm f of the slide J moving the slots hof the connecting-rod F and h of the standardV W, the amplitude of the oscillation of the guide' B being governed'bythe position of the fulcrum ,.whichis movable in the slot k. The lower extremity of the guide B passes within the guide y for the purpose of y steadying its movement.

' Connected with the. upright G is the vertii cal bar B', which is capable of motion in the direction of the upright, and is'held down upon the table A by the action of the spring C', and is raised by the pressure of the stud'Fof the beam G upon the extremity of the Vlever H, f

so that the pressure upon the table is relieved each time the needle-bar A is' forced down by v the'beam C. This forms theholding arrangement, whichI keeps the material in position while the needle is makingV the perforation, and rises to permit the feed during the side vibration of the needle.

On the under side of the table Ais `the lef ver L, carrying in its long arm the springhook miupon1 which the loops are formed. This lep ver is movable about'the fulcrum Z by means of the cam M on the shaft N, against which the I I' projecting stud O presses, being held in position by the spring l?. The long arm of thek f lever L is formed of. two parts, one moving longitudinally upon the other in the guides c by reason of the camQ on the shaft N, which acts against the stud p to throw forward themovable portion f', the spring q withdrawing it and preserving it in position during the time itis f ree from the action of the cam Q.

The operation of this expanding lever will be shown fully hereinafter.

VThe-operation of the machine is as follows: The thread passes .from the spool F through the eye r of the spring-guide I and eye h on the needle-bar A, to the eye of the needle m., through 4which it is `passed from the'outside.

The spool F is suspended,betweenfthearmsL i J', lattached to the upper extremity of the needle-bar A by an arrangement of plates, f

screws, and springs, which regulate the nnwinding of the thread, Vwhile the position of the spool prevents the' distance between it ,e

and the eye of the needle from changing during the operation of sewing, thus preventing jerks and diminishing the risk'of the breaking of the thread. After adjusting the thread apparatus, the material to be sewed is placed upon the table A under the point of the needle` shaft N, which, through the cog-wheels S and T, gives motion to the Veccentric E, operating the needle-bar A, so as to give it a compound vertical and vibratory motion by means of the beam C, slides H and H, and slotted lever I, arranged and working as above-v described. The descent of the needle perforates the cloth, and by the action of the stud F upon the lever H the pressure of the holder upon it is relieved, permitting the vibration of the needle, as above described, to move forward the cloth a'sufcient dista-nce for the succeeding perforation, the spring C acting through the holder B', as the needle-bar/rises, so as to keep the cloth from slipping when the needle descends and again perforates it. f

The stitch, which, as before stated, is formed of a single thread by means of a single needle,

wn, in the extremity of the needle-bar A, and

a hook inserted in an expanding lever,will bev from the cloth, leaving the loop upon the hook a, as seen in Fig. 6. rIhe vibration of the needle during the rst perforation feeds forward the cloth and permits the needle in its second descent to have the position shown in Fig. 72 forming a loop as the needle rises, through which shoots the hook a, carryingthe `first loop with it, and assuming the position shown in Fig. 8, the loops being crossed and kept from slipping by the notches on the under side of the hook. During the second descent of the needle the cloth is fed forward as before, and as it again descends, making anew hole, the cam Q commences its action, pressing against the stud p and expanding the lever L, so that the needle in its third descent passes between the forks of the hook a, and also between the two loops upon it, as seen in Fig. 9. The hook then slips from the thread, leaving the stitch, as shown in Fig. l0, formed of three loops7 the rst passed through the second and over the third. As the needle rises, the hook a shoots into the loop formed on the needle below the loop a: in Fig. 10, which is left upon it as the first loop in Fig. 6, when the same operation above described is gone The upward action .of thethrough with, making the third loop pass through the fourth and around the fifthand forming the seam as shown fully in Fig. 1l, each alternate loop holding the preceding to the cloth and making what I denominate the belaying double-loop stitch.7

It is thus seen that the feeding action of this machine is performed by the operation of sewing, the vibrating movement of the guide B, andwith it the bar A, causing the material to be moved forward after it is perforated, the holder relaxing for that purpose, theI distance which it is moved being regulated by the position of the fulcrum of the slotted lever I. This feeding and perforating arrangement I design to use for making the holes in leather and other heavy work, while the needle preceding the awl forms the seam.

On the advantages of this machine-it will be needless to enlarge, as its merits will be obvious to any one in any degree acquainted with machines of this character. The formation of a strong seam by a single thread forms a decided improvement in sewing-machines, while the simple and effectual manner in which the feed is regulated surpasses any other method of performing that part of the operation, and renders the machine applicable to the sewing of leather and other heavy material.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-/' 1. The making of a seam with a single thread by the combination of a single needle, forked hook, and expanding lever, operating substantially in the manner and for the purposes herein specified.

2. The forming or making of a seam from` a single thread by the running of a loop of the thread through the material to be sewed, the running of' a second loop through the niaterial and putting the rst loop through the second, the running of a third loop through the material and through the first-named loop,

the carrying of a fourth loop through thematerial and putting the third through it, and so on, putting the first loop through the second and around the third, the third loop through the fourthI and around the fth,`and so on,`

forming the belaying double-loop stitch herein described, in the manner set forth. 

